Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии
Финал Кубка России по футболу 2006 состоялся 20 мая 2006 года. Победу одержал московский ЦСКА со счётом 3:0.
1. ЦСКА (футбольный клуб, Москва) – PFC Central Sport Club of the Army, Moscow is a Russian professional football club. It is based in Moscow, playing its matches at the 30. The club is the most known division of the CSKA Moscow sports club, founded in 1911, CSKA had its most successful period after World War II with five titles in six seasons. It won a total of 7 Soviet Top League championships, including the season in 1991. The club has also won 6 Russian Premier League titles, CSKA was the official team of the Soviet Army during the communist era. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union it has become privately owned, Russian businessman Roman Abramovichs Sibneft corporation was a leading sponsor of the club from 2004 to 2006. Officially, CSKA is a club and thus no longer a section of the Russian militarys CSKA sports club. The Russian Ministry of Defense is a PFC CSKA shareholder, however, the Moscow Army men won their 10th national title back in 2006 and they are one of the most successful clubs in Russian football, having an extensive legacy in Soviet football as well. In 2004, the received a major financial infusion from a sponsorship deal with Sibneft. The partnership with Sibneft lasted until 2006, when VTB became the sponsor of the club, CSKA started 2009 without a shirt sponsor. On 4 November 1992, CSKA qualified for the stage of the UEFA Champions League which contained only 8 teams after defeating Spanish champion FC Barcelona 4–3 on aggregate. On 16 March 2010, CSKA qualified for the quarterfinals of the UEFA Champions League after defeating Sevilla FC 3–2 on aggregate and they were later eliminated from competition by Internazionale, losing by 1–0 scorelines in both Milan and Moscow. On 7 December 2011, CSKA qualified for the phase of the UEFA Champions League after winning crucial 3 points by defeating Internazionale with scoreline 1–2 in Milan. On 6 December 2016, CSKA announced that manager Leonid Slutsky would leave the club after seven years at the club, following their last game of 2016,6 days later,12 December, Viktor Goncharenko was announced as the clubs new manager, signing a two-year contract. As of match played 6 December 2016 CSKA Moscow won their first, sergei Ignashevich lifted the 2005 UEFA Cup after CSKA ran out 3-1 winners over Sporting CP in Sportings own Estádio José Alvalade stadium. Goals from Aleksei Berezutski, Yuri Zhirkov and Vágner Love saw CSKA become the first Russian club to win a major European title, CSKA was nicknamed Horses because the first stadium was built on the old racecourse/hippodromo in Moscow. Its capacity is small for a club of its stature. This is one of the reasons the club uses other venues in the city
2. Спартак (футбольный клуб, Москва) – FC Spartak Moscow is a Russian football club from Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships and a record 9 Russian championships and they have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups and 3 Russian Cups. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of all three European club competitions, historically, the club was a part of the Spartak sports society. Other teams in the society include ice hockey club HC Spartak Moscow, currently, the club is not connected with Spartak sports society and is an independent privately owned organization. In the early days of Soviet football, many government agencies such as the police, army, so many statesmen saw in the wins of their teams the superiority over the opponents patronizing other teams. Almost all the teams had such kind of patrons—Dinamo with the police, CSKA with the army and Spartak, the history of the football club and sports society Spartak originates from the Russian Gymnastics Society, which was founded on May 4,1883. In the spring of 1922 the RGO Sokol was renamed into MKS, in 1922, the Moscow Sport Circle, later named Krasnaya Presnya, was formed by Ivan Artemyev and involved Nikolai Starostin, especially in its football team. The team grew, building a stadium, supporting itself from ticket sales, the team changed sponsors repeatedly over the following years as it competed with Dinamo Moscow, whose 35,000 seat Dinamo Stadium lay close by. As a high-profile sportsman, Starostin came into contact with Alexander Kosarev, secretary of the Komsomol who already had a strong influence on sport. In November 1934, with funding from Promkooperatsiia, Kosarev employed Starostin, again the team changed its name, this time to Spartak Moscow. The club founders, four Starostin brothers, played a big role in the formation of the team, the Starostins played for the red-whites in the 1930s but right before World War II they were subjected to repression as the leaders of the most hated team by the state authorities. Elder brother Nikolai Starostin wrote in his books that he had survived in the State Prison System due to his participation in football, after the political rehabilitation, in 1954, he would later return to the team as the squads manager. In 1935, Starostin proposed the name Spartak that was derived from Spartacus, a gladiator-slave who led a rebellion against Rome, Starostin is also credited with the creation of the Spartak logo. The same year, the became a part of newly created Spartak sports society. Czechoslovak manager Antonin Fivebr is credited as the first head coach of Spartak, in 1936, the Soviet Top League was established, where its first championship was won by Dynamo Moscow while Spartak won its second, which was held in the same calendar year. Before World War II, Spartak earned two more titles, in 1937 Spartak won the football tournament of Workers Olympiad at Antwerp. During the 1950s, Spartak, together with Dynamo, dominated the Soviet Top League, when the Soviet national team won gold medals at the Melbourne Olympics, it consisted largely of Spartak players. Spartak captain Igor Netto was the captain of the team from 1954 to 1963
3. Лужники (стадион) – Luzhniki Stadium, is a sports stadium in Moscow, Russia. Its total seating capacity is 81,000 seats, all covered and this stadium has the same interior with Gelora Bung Karno Stadium in Indonesia. The stadium is a part of the Luzhniki Olympic Complex, and is located in Khamovniki District of the Central Administrative Okrug of Moscow city, the name Luzhniki derives from the flood meadows in the bend of Moskva River where the stadium was built, translating roughly as The Meadows. In the past its field was used for football games played by PFC CSKA Moscow, Torpedo Moscow and Spartak Moscow. Today it is used as one of the home grounds of the Russian national football team. It is one of the few major European stadia to use an artificial pitch, the pitch is necessary because regular grass pitches cannot withstand the harsh Russian winters and must be replaced at high cost. However, a natural grass pitch was installed for the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final. The stadium is used from time to time for various other sporting events. The stadium is located in Khamovniki District of the Central Administrative Okrug of Moscow city, the name Luzhniki derives from the flood meadows in the bend of Moskva River where the stadium was built, translating roughly as The Meadows. It was necessary to find a large plot of land. The proximity of the river, green mass of clean, fresh air - this circumstance alone mattered to select the area of the city of sports. In addition, Luzhniki is located close to the city center. On December 23,1954, the Government of the USSR adopted a resolution on the construction of a stadium in the Luzhniki area in Moscow. The 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki brought the Soviet team 71 medals and top place in the team standings. It was a success, but increased athletic development of the Soviet Union. The proposed complex was to all modern international standards and at the same time serve as a training base for the Olympic team and arena for large domestic. The stadium was built in 1955–56 as the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium and it was necessary to demolish a whole area of dilapidated buildings. Because the soil was heavily waterlogged, almost the entire area of the future of the complex had to be raised half a meter,10,000 piles were hammered into the ground and dredgers reclaimed about 3 million cubic meters of soil
4. Москва – Moscow is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city, Moscow is a major political, economic, cultural, and scientific center of Russia and Eastern Europe, as well as the largest city entirely on the European continent. Moscow is the northernmost and coldest megacity and metropolis on Earth and it is home to the Ostankino Tower, the tallest free standing structure in Europe, the Federation Tower, the tallest skyscraper in Europe, and the Moscow International Business Center. Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia, the city is well known for its architecture, particularly its historic buildings such as Saint Basils Cathedral with its brightly colored domes. Moscow is the seat of power of the Government of Russia, being the site of the Moscow Kremlin, the Moscow Kremlin and Red Square are also one of several World Heritage Sites in the city. Both chambers of the Russian parliament also sit in the city and it is recognized as one of the citys landmarks due to the rich architecture of its 200 stations. In old Russian the word also meant a church administrative district. The demonym for a Moscow resident is москвич for male or москвичка for female, the name of the city is thought to be derived from the name of the Moskva River. There have been proposed several theories of the origin of the name of the river and its cognates include Russian, музга, muzga pool, puddle, Lithuanian, mazgoti and Latvian, mazgāt to wash, Sanskrit, majjati to drown, Latin, mergō to dip, immerse. There exist as well similar place names in Poland like Mozgawa, the original Old Russian form of the name is reconstructed as *Москы, *Mosky, hence it was one of a few Slavic ū-stem nouns. From the latter forms came the modern Russian name Москва, Moskva, in a similar manner the Latin name Moscovia has been formed, later it became a colloquial name for Russia used in Western Europe in the 16th–17th centuries. From it as well came English Muscovy, various other theories, having little or no scientific ground, are now largely rejected by contemporary linguists. The surface similarity of the name Russia with Rosh, an obscure biblical tribe or country, the oldest evidence of humans on the territory of Moscow dates from the Neolithic. Within the modern bounds of the city other late evidence was discovered, on the territory of the Kremlin, Sparrow Hills, Setun River and Kuntsevskiy forest park, etc. The earliest East Slavic tribes recorded as having expanded to the upper Volga in the 9th to 10th centuries are the Vyatichi and Krivichi, the Moskva River was incorporated as part of Rostov-Suzdal into the Kievan Rus in the 11th century. By AD1100, a settlement had appeared on the mouth of the Neglinnaya River. The first known reference to Moscow dates from 1147 as a place of Yuri Dolgoruky. At the time it was a town on the western border of Vladimir-Suzdal Principality
5. Судья (футбол) – In association football, the referee is the person responsible for enforcing the Laws of the Game during the course of a match. At higher levels of play the referee may also be assisted by an official who supervises the teams technical areas. Referees remuneration for their services varies between leagues, Referees are licensed and trained by the same national organisations that are members of FIFA. Each national organisation recommends its top officials to FIFA to have the honour of being included on the FIFA International Referees List. International games between national teams require FIFA officials, otherwise, the local national organisation determines the manner of training, ranking and advancement of officials from the youngest youth games through professional matches. The referees powers and duties are described by Law 5 of the Laws of the Game, as per Law 9 of the game, if during the game the ball hits the referee there is no stoppage in play. However the officials would be expected to position themselves such that this would be unlikely to occur. Modern day referees and their assistants wear a uniform consisting of a jersey, badge, shorts and socks, since then, most referees have worn either yellow or black, but the colours and styles adopted by individual associations vary greatly. For international contests under the supervision of FIFA, Adidas uniforms are worn because Adidas is the current sponsor, FIFA allows referees to wear five colours, black, red, yellow, green and blue. Along with the jersey, referees are required to wear shorts, black socks. The badge, which displays the referees license level and year of validity, is affixed to the left chest pocket. All referees carry a whistle, a watch, penalty cards, a wallet with pen and paper. Most are encouraged to have more than one of each on them in case they drop a whistle or a pen runs out, often, referees utilize two watches so that they can use one to calculate time lost for stoppages for the purposes of added time. In matches with goal-line technology, the referee will have on their person a device to receive the systems alerts, Referees use a whistle to help in match control. The whistle is sometimes needed to stop, start or restart play but should not be used for all stoppages, fIFAs Laws of the Game document gives guidance as to when the whistle should and should not be used. Overuse of the whistle is discouraged since, as stated in the Laws, the whistle is an important tool for the referee along with verbal, body and eye communication. Before the introduction of the whistle, referees indicated their decisions by waving a white handkerchief, the whistles that were first adopted by referees were made by Joseph Hudson at Mills Munitions in Birmingham, England. The Acme Whistle Company first began to mass-produce pea whistles in the 1870s for the Metropolitan Police Force, Referees in football are first described by Richard Mulcaster in 1581
6. Океан (футбольный клуб, Находка) – Okean Nakhodka was a Russian football club based in Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai. The clubs colours were white and blue, in 1989 Okean won the RSFSR Cup, and in 1991 they won the regional league. They thus became the easternmost club to compete in the Top League, the best result they achieved was a 14th position in 1992. After relegation in 1993 Okean played in the First League in 1994–1996, Okean played in the Second Division after 1997. The best result was achieved in 2005, when finished as runners-up. In 2010 they finished 11th or last in East Zone of Second Division and were relegated to the Amateur Football League for 2011, the club was liquidated in 2015. Oleg Garin is considered the best footballer in clubs history, one of the clubs best matches was played on 30 July 1992, when Okean defeated CSKA at home 5–2. The last defending Soviet champions lost to the debutants of the Top League, okeans reserve squad played professionally as FC Okean-d Nakhodka in the Russian Second League in 1993. Had international caps for their respective countries, players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Okean
7. Луч-Энергия – FC Luch-Energiya is an association football club based in Vladivostok, Russia. In 2005, Luch-Energia won the Russian First Division and played in the Premier League from 2006 to 2008, the club was called Luch before 2003, when it was renamed Luch-Energia due to sponsorship from Dalenergo, an energy distribution company. Luch has been playing in the Soviet Union championship since 1958, the club played in the Far East regional tournament of B-class teams and eventually won it in 1965, earning promotion to A-class. Luch played in regional tournament until league reorganization in 1972. From 1972 to 1991, Luch played in the Eastern zone of Soviet Second League, the clubs best result was a runner-up position in 1984. In 1992, after the dissolution of Soviet Union, Luch was entitled to play in the Eastern zone of Russian First League, Luch played in Russian Top League in 1993 and was relegated, having finished 15th. Luch played in Russian First Division from 1994 until relegation in 1997, in 2003, Luch-Energia finished 1st in the Eastern zone and earned promotion. The club spent another 2 years in First Division, earning promotion to Premier League in 2005, situated in the Far East of the country, their location poses a significant problem for away teams, for example being 9 hours by flight from Moscow. When playing FC Zenit Saint Petersburg at home, a trio of Zenit fans drove 15,000 km across the only for their car to break down when in Vladivostok. These fans thus took the Trans-Siberian Railway back to Saint Petersburg, there has been much controversy about whether the Russian league should be split into Western and Eastern leagues, however, this is yet to happen. Igor Akinfeev, the CSKA Moscow goalkeeper, said that they should play in the Japanese League, in addition to this, even their own players admitted it was awkward as they had to travel long distances for away games. Matija Kristić said Its not as bad for other teams because they only need to travel this distance once a year whereas we have to do it for all away matches. Srđan Radonjić said It is just crazy, they should have two Russian premier leagues, one for the European teams and another for Asian teams, Vladivostok is 4,000 miles from Moscow. As of 24 August 2016, according to the FNL website, note, Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality, had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Luch-Energiya
8. Рубин (футбольный клуб) – FC Rubin Kazan is a Russian association football club based in the city of Kazan in the Republic of Tatarstan. Founded in 1958, Rubin played its first-ever top flight season in 2003 and it has remained there ever since, winning the Russian Premier League championship in 2008 and 2009. The club also won the 2011–12 Russian Cup and has been a regular in European competition in recent seasons, the team plays in the Kazan Arena. FC Rubin Kazan was previously called Iskra from 1958 to 1964, having never played in the Soviet Top League, the football club joined the Russian First Division in 1992 and fell to the Russian Second Division in 1994. The mayor of Kazan at the time, Kamil Iskhakov, purchased the team in 1996, Rubin won the Second Division in 1997 and was promoted back to the First Division the following season. The next four seasons, the team finished above 8th place. Finally winning the title in 2002, Rubin was promoted to the Russian Premier League for the first time in 2003, Rubin finished third in its debut season to qualify for the UEFA Cup. The team faced a setback in the 2004 campaign finishing in 10th place. The year of 1958 came, and the team formed a part of Class B of USSR Championship, because of successful game, again a team of masters appeared in the city. Nowadays 1958 is considered to be a year of foundation of an up-to-date «Rubin», program to the match Iskra – Torpedo. 3 June 1958 «Iskra», thus was the name of a debutant, found itself in the first zone of RSFSR Class B, in whicn mainly clubs of Povolzhye, the debut was on April,20 in Kherson. Practice makes perfect – kazanners lost to local «Spartak» 2–4, the author of the first goal of «Iskra» in USSR championships was Igor Ignatov. The squad in that game was the one, Galimov, Zinnourov, Surkov, Khorkov, Kashurin, Dardymov, Polyakov, Markov, Gelman. In 1958 «Iskra» took 14th place, left below only teams of Ulyanovsk, lack of experience and often changes in a coach staff adversely affected the game of «Iskra». In 1959 «Iskra» was headed by a 50-year-old specialist Nikolay Sentyabrev, withion the next 12 years the post of a Head Coach of the team was occupied. Neither before nor after no one could reach that period, earlier Sentyabrev played for the region of Ivanovo and coached «Tekstilschik». His work didn’t make waiting for results, «Iskra» at one stroke made 9 steps up in the tournament table and stopped at the 5th position. In comparison with previous season much more goals were scored and less balls were missed, two footballers – a defender Viktor Surkov and a goalkeeper Ilyas Galimov – were included into the list of RSFSR National Squad
9. Локомотив (футбольный клуб, Москва) – FC Lokomotiv Moscow is a Russian football club based in Moscow. Lokomotiv won the Russian Premier League in 2002 and 2004, the USSR Cup in 1936 and 1957, the club was the league runner-up in 1959,1995,1999,2000 and 2001, and finished third in 1994,1998,2005,2006 and 2014. Lokomotiv was the Russian Super Cup holder in 2003 and 2005, Lokomotiv was founded as Kazanka in 1923. In 1924, the club united the strongest football players of several roads of the Moscow railway junction as KOR, in 1931, the club was again renamed to Kazanka and in 1936, it was eventually renamed to as it is known today, Lokomotiv. During the Communist rule, Lokomotiv Moscow club was a part of the Lokomotiv Voluntary Sports Society and was owned by the Soviet Ministry of Transportation through the Russian Railways, Lokomotiv debuted in the first-ever Soviet football club championship with a game against Dynamo Leningrad on 22 May 1936. In the first two championships, Lokomotiv finished fifth and fourth respectively. The first Lokomotiv success arrived shortly as in 1936, the railwaymen rose up to the occasion to beat Dynamo Tbilisi 2–0 in the Soviet Cup Final, the following years were rather successful as Lokomotiv were consistent in the national championships. However, performances after World War II suffered and in a five-year span, in 1951, Lokomotiv came second and eventually won the promotion to the Soviet Top League. This kicked off the second Lokomotivs resurgence and until the beginning of the 1960s, in 1957, Lokomotiv won the cup for the second time, and two years later, Lokomotiv won the silver medals of the Soviet League. Second place was the highest position obtained by Lokomotiv during the Soviet era. Another important trademark for Lokomotiv was the authorization of playing matches against foreign opposition. Typically, up to the late 1950s, international contacts with Soviet teams were extremely rare. In the beginning of the 1990s, Lokomotiv was considered the weakest link amongst the top Moscow clubs and it lacked both results on the pitch and fans support in the stands. However, head coach Yuri Semin and president Valeri Filatov were able to lead the clubs progress, historically, Lokomotiv was not considered to be a big club in the same vein as Spartak, CSKA, Dynamo and Torpedo. With the former Soviet republics and their clubs gone, however, solid performances in domestic league and several memorable campaigns in European Cups made Lokomotiv a superclub by Russian scales and brought back fans and supporters back to the stands. In 2002, a new stadium—Lokomotiv Stadium—resembling a traditional, compact English one was built, the arena, at that time considered to be one of the most comfortable, if not the best, in Eastern Europe gave a huge boost to the clubs fan growth rate. Eventually, by 2009, the attendance at the stadium was the second highest in Moscow. In 2002, a match was needed to decide who will be the champion, as Lokomotiv Moscow
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