Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии
Звание «заслуженный мастер спорта России» было учреждено в 1992 году. Первым заслуженным мастером спорта России по футболу стал в 1997 году Василий Данилов, завоевавший на чемпионате мира 1966 года в составе сборной СССР бронзовую медаль (4-е место), но высшего знака отличия в советском спорте так и не удостоившийся.
Обозначения:
* — звание присвоено после окончания игровой карьеры. ** — все спортивные достижения относятся к советскому периоду.Владимиру Астаповскому звание было присвоено в апреле 2003 года в период празднования 80-летия ЦСКА.[2] Станислав Черчесов и Виктор Онопко были награждены за большой вклад в развитие футбола.[3]
За победу в Кубке УЕФА 2004/2005 звания были удостоены 9 футболистов московского ЦСКА (в том числе Кириченко и Семак, к моменту завоевания Кубка уже покинувшие клуб).
Ветераны советского футбола:
За победу клуба «Зенит» (Санкт-Петербург) в Кубке УЕФА 2007/2008 и за завоевание сборной России бронзовых медалей на чемпионате Европы-2008 звания ЗМС были удостоены 11 игроков «Зенита» и 12 игроков сборной (из 23 входивших в состав команды на Евро-2008 пятеро представляли «Зенит», а ещё шесть игроков получили ЗМС в 2005 году за победу ЦСКА в Кубке УЕФА).
В марте звание присвоено Андрею Канчельскису. Канчельскис прокомментировал это событие так[11]:
По идее мне его должны были ещё дать в 1991 году, когда я в составе «Манчестер Юнайтед» выиграл Суперкубок УЕФА. Но от меня начали требовать доказательства участия в той игре. В ответ сказал, чтобы они позвонили сэру Алексу Фергюсону и сами спросили, играл я в том матче или нет. [Канчельскис тогда отыграл весь матч]
Представленному к званию на том же заседании Исполкома РФС 24 апреля 2009 года Игорю Корнееву[12] звание не присвоено.
Звание впервые присвоено игроку женской сборной России — Елене Фоминой.
4 мая[14]Звание присвоено Валерию Карпину, представленному к званию на заседании Исполкома РФС 24 ноября 2009 года[10].
Звание было присвоено 7 (из 14) игрокам сборной России, ставшей серебряным призёром чемпионата Европы-2012.
Звание было присвоено 5 (из 14) игрокам сборной России, ставшей серебряным призёром чемпионата Европы-2014; 4 игрока это звание уже имели.
Звание присвоено 10 игрокам сборной России, ставшей чемпионом мира и победителем Межконтинентального кубка 2011 года. В ходатайстве РФС от 13 декабря 2011 года значились все чемпионы мира[18], однако звание не получили Александр Филимонов (играл на обоих турнирах) и Артур Папоротный.
wiki-org.ru
Звание «заслуженный мастер спорта» (с 1983 года официальное название — «заслуженный мастер спорта СССР») было учреждено в 1934 году. Среди первых 22 его обладателей было 8 футболистов, знак под наименьшим номером (№ 4) получил Михаил Бутусов[1].
Критерии присвоения звания менялись. Так, до учреждения в 1956 году звания «заслуженный тренер» звание ЗМС присваивалось и за тренерские заслуги; в 1940-е годы звание ЗМС несколько раз присваивалось ведущим спортивным организаторам и арбитрам.
Обозначения:** — звание присвоено через значительный промежуток времени (не менее трёх лет) после окончания игровой карьеры.
За успешное выступление московского «Спартака», усиленного игроками других команд (фактически это была сборная Москвы) в Софии — победы над командой «Славия» 6:1 и сборной Софии 7:1 — звание ЗМС получили 2 игрока «Спартака» (А. Акимов, Ан. Старостин), 2 игрока «Динамо» (С. Ильин, М. Якушин) и 1 игрок ЦДКА (Г. Федотов)[2].
Накануне Всесоюзного дня железнодорожника звание было присвоено группе спортсменов ДСО «Локомотив», среди которых — 3 игрока московского «Локомотива» (по итогам чемпионата СССР 1950 занял 15-е место)[2]:
За победу на Олимпийских играх 1956 звания ЗМС были удостоены 11 футболистов, ещё 5 его уже имели. Не получили звание сыгравшие по 1 матчу Б. Разинский и Й. Беца (им звание было присвоено соответственно в 1989 и 1991).
По итогам чемпионата мира по хоккею с мячом в числе получивших звание был В. Маслов (чемпион мира 1961, 1963, 1965) — также известный футболист, игрок сборной СССР.
В декабре 1972 года в ознаменование 50-летия СССР звание было присвоено лучшим спортсменам ряда социалистических стран, среди них:
За победу киевского «Динамо» в Кубке обладателей кубков звания ЗМС были удостоены 10 футболистов — 9 участников финального матча (Е. Рудаков получил звание ранее, а А. Коньков — в 1982, к окончанию игровой карьеры) и В. Веремеев.
За победу тбилисского «Динамо» в Кубке обладателей кубков звания ЗМС были удостоены 10 футболистов — 9 участников финального матча (за исключением Н. Какилашвили, З. Сванадзе и Г. Тавадзе) и Ш. Хинчагашвили.
За победу киевского «Динамо» в Кубке обладателей кубков звания ЗМС были удостоены 13 футболистов — 12 участников финального матча (О. Блохин получил звание ранее) и запасной вратарь М. Михайлов.
За завоевание «серебра» чемпионата Европы звания ЗМС были удостоены 6 футболистов, ещё 9 его уже имели. Не получили звание С. Гоцманов и В. Пасулько, сыгравшие соответственно 4 и 2 матча (в том числе финальный).
За победу на Олимпийских играх 1988 звания ЗМС были удостоены 19 футболистов (А. Михайличенко его уже имел) — заслуженными мастерами спорта стали все члены олимпийской команды (даже те, кто не сыграл ни одного матча, включая и отборочный турнир).
dic.academic.ru
Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии
Звание «заслуженный мастер спорта России» было учреждено в 1992 году. Первым заслуженным мастером спорта России по футболу стал в 1997 году Василий Данилов, завоевавший на чемпионате мира 1966 года в составе сборной СССР бронзовую медаль (4-е место), но высшего знака отличия в советском спорте так и не удостоившийся.
Обозначения:
* — звание присвоено после окончания игровой карьеры. ** — все спортивные достижения относятся к советскому периоду.Владимиру Астаповскому звание было присвоено в апреле 2003 года в период празднования 80-летия ЦСКА.[2] Станислав Черчесов и Виктор Онопко были награждены за большой вклад в развитие футбола.[3]
За победу в Кубке УЕФА 2004/2005 звания были удостоены 9 футболистов московского ЦСКА (в том числе Кириченко и Семак, к моменту завоевания Кубка уже покинувшие клуб).
Ветераны советского футбола:
За победу клуба «Зенит» (Санкт-Петербург) в Кубке УЕФА 2007/2008 и за завоевание сборной России бронзовых медалей на чемпионате Европы-2008 звания ЗМС были удостоены 11 игроков «Зенита» и 12 игроков сборной (из 23 входивших в состав команды на Евро-2008 пятеро представляли «Зенит», а ещё шесть игроков получили ЗМС в 2005 году за победу ЦСКА в Кубке УЕФА).
Звание присвоено бронзовому призёру ОИ 1976 Александру Минаеву, представленному к званию на заседании Исполкома РФС 24 ноября 2009 года[10].
В марте звание присвоено Андрею Канчельскису. Канчельскис прокомментировал это событие так[11]:
По идее мне его должны были ещё дать в 1991 году, когда я в составе «Манчестер Юнайтед» выиграл Суперкубок УЕФА. Но от меня начали требовать доказательства участия в той игре. В ответ сказал, чтобы они позвонили сэру Алексу Фергюсону и сами спросили, играл я в том матче или нет. [Канчельскис тогда отыграл весь матч]
Представленному к званию на том же заседании Исполкома РФС 24 апреля 2009 года Игорю Корнееву[12] звание не присвоено.
Звание впервые присвоено игроку женской сборной России — Елене Фоминой.
4 мая[14]Звание присвоено Валерию Карпину, представленному к званию на заседании Исполкома РФС 24 ноября 2009 года[10].
Звание было присвоено 7 (из 14) игрокам сборной России, ставшей серебряным призёром чемпионата Европы-2012.
Звание было присвоено 5 (из 14) игрокам сборной России, ставшей серебряным призёром чемпионата Европы-2014; 4 игрока это звание уже имели.
Звание присвоено 10 игрокам сборной России, ставшей чемпионом мира и победителем Межконтинентального кубка 2011 года. В ходатайстве РФС от 13 декабря 2011 года значились все чемпионы мира[18], однако звание не получили Александр Филимонов (играл на обоих турнирах) и Артур Папоротный.
encyclopaedia.bid
1. Футбол – Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies making it the worlds most popular sport, the game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end. The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal, players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers. Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, the team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. If the score is level at the end of the game, the Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football, the first written reference to the inflated ball used in the game was in the mid-14th century, Þe heued fro þe body went, Als it were a foteballe. The Online Etymology Dictionary states that the word soccer was split off in 1863, according to Partha Mazumdar, the term soccer originated in England, first appearing in the 1880s as an Oxford -er abbreviation of the word association. Within the English-speaking world, association football is now usually called football in the United Kingdom and mainly soccer in Canada and the United States. People in Australia, Ireland, South Africa and New Zealand use either or both terms, although national associations in Australia and New Zealand now primarily use football for the formal name. According to FIFA, the Chinese competitive game cuju is the earliest form of football for which there is scientific evidence, cuju players could use any part of the body apart from hands and the intent was kicking a ball through an opening into a net. It was remarkably similar to football, though similarities to rugby occurred. During the Han Dynasty, cuju games were standardised and rules were established, phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup, athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence and they all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified mob football, the antecedent of all football codes. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia, Association football in itself does not have a classical history. Notwithstanding any similarities to other games played around the world FIFA have recognised that no historical connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe. The modern rules of football are based on the mid-19th century efforts to standardise the widely varying forms of football played in the public schools of England
2. Чемпионат мира по футболу 1966 – The 1966 FIFA World Cup, the eighth staging of the World Cup, was held in England from 11 to 30 July. England beat West Germany 4–2 in the final, winning the Jules Rimet Trophy, with this victory, England won their first FIFA World Cup title and became the third World Cup host to win the tournament after Uruguay in 1930 and Italy in 1934. The 1966 Final, held at Wembley Stadium, was the last to be broadcast in black, the tournament held a FIFA record for the largest average attendance, for 28 years, until it was surpassed by the United States in 1994. England was chosen as host of the 1966 World Cup in Rome, Italy on 22 August 1960, over bids from West Germany. Despite the Africans absence, there was another new number of entries for the qualifying tournament. After all the arguments, FIFA finally ruled that ten teams from Europe would qualify, along with four from South America, one from Asia and one from North, Portugal and North Korea qualified for the first time. Portugal would not qualify again until 1986, while North Koreas next appearance was at the 2010 tournament and this was also Switzerlands last World Cup finals until 1994. Notable absentees from this tournament included 1962 semi-finalists Yugoslavia and 1962 finalists Czechoslovakia, the Africans felt that winning their zone was enough in itself to merit qualification for the finals. They also protested against the readmission of South Africa to FIFA in 1963, South Africa was subsequently assigned to Asia and Oceania qualifying group, before being suspended again under pressure from other African nations in October,1964. The format of the 1966 competition remained the same as 1962,16 qualified teams were divided into four groups of four, each group played a round-robin format. Two points were awarded for a win and one point for a draw, the top two teams in each group advanced to the knockout stage. In the knockout games, if the teams were tied after 90 minutes,30 minutes of time were played. For any match other than the final, if the teams were tied after extra time. The final would have been replayed if tied after extra time, in the event, no replays or drawing of lots was necessary. The 1966 World Cup had a rather unusual hero off the field, in the build-up to the tournament, the Jules Rimet trophy was stolen from an exhibition display. A nationwide hunt for the icon ensued and it was later discovered wrapped in newspaper as the dog sniffed under some bushes in London. The FA commissioned a replica cup in case the cup was not found in time. This replica is held at the English National Football Museum in Manchester, where it is on display
3. Сборная СССР по футболу – The Soviet Union national football team was the national football team of the Soviet Union. After the breakup of the Union the team was transformed into the CIS national football team, the Soviet Union failed to qualify for the World Cup only twice, in 1974 and 1978, and attended seven finals tournaments in total. Their best finish was fourth in 1966, when they lost to West Germany in the semifinals, the Soviet Union qualified for five European Championships, winning the inaugural competition in 1960 when they beat Yugoslavia in the final, 2–1. They finished second three times, and fourth once, when, having drawn with Italy in the semi-final, the Soviet Union national team also participated in number of Olympic tournaments earning the gold medal in the 1956 and 1988. The Soviet team continued to field its national team players in Olympic tournaments despite the prohibition of FIFA in 1958 to field any national team players in Olympics, however, in 1960 and in 1964 the Soviets were fielding its second national team. The first international played by a Soviet team came in August 1923, nine months after the establishment of the Soviet Union. The first formally recognised match played by the Soviet Union took place a year later, the 1952 Olympics was the first competitive tournament entered by the Soviet Union. In the preliminary round, Bulgaria were defeated 2–1, earning a first round tie against Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia led 5–1, but a Soviet comeback in the last 15 minutes resulted in a 5–5 draw. The match was replayed, Yugoslavia winning 3–1, the Soviet Union entered the World Cup for the first time at the 1958 tournament, following a qualification playoff against Poland. Drawn in a group with Brazil, England and Austria, they collected three points in total, one from England and two from Austria, Soviet Union and England went to a playoff game, in which Anatoli Ilyin scored in the 67th minute to knock England out. The Soviet Union were then eliminated by the hosts of the tournament, Sweden, the inaugural European Championships in 1960 marked the pinnacle of Soviet footballing achievement. Easily progressing to the quarter-finals, the team were scheduled to face Spain, in the semi-final, the Soviet team defeated Czechoslovakia 3–0 and reached the final, where they faced Yugoslavia. In the final, Yugoslavia scored first, but the Soviet Union, led by legendary goalkeeper Lev Yashin, after 90 minutes the score was 1–1, and Viktor Ponedelnik scored with seven minutes left in extra time to give the Soviets the inaugural European Championship. In the 1962 World Cup, the Soviet team was in Group 1 with Yugoslavia, Colombia, the match between Soviet Union and Colombia ended 4–4, Colombia scored a series of goals. Star goalkeeper Lev Yashin was in poor form both against Colombia and Chile and his form was considered as one of the main reasons why Soviet Union team did not gain more success in the tournament. In 1964, the Soviet Union attempted to defend their European Championship title, defeating Italy in the last 16, after two matches against Sweden, the Soviet side won on aggregate. The Soviet Union team went to Spain where the finals were held. In the semi-finals, the Soviet Union defeated Denmark 3–0 in Barcelona but their dreams of winning the title again were dashed in the final when Spain, the 1966 FIFA World Cup was the tournament which the Soviet Union team reached their best result by finishing in fourth place
4. Аленичев, Дмитрий Анатольевич – Dmitri Anatolyevich Alenichev is a retired Russian footballer, current coach and politician. He won a transfer to Serie A side AS Roma, played 21 matches in the first season and his stint in Italy overall proved to be unsuccessful and he was eventually considered to be one of Italian footballs biggest foreign flops. In the following season, Alenichev suffered some animosity from new Porto coach Octávio Machado and spent most of the first half of the season sidelined, as soon as Octávio was fired and replaced with José Mourinho, Alenichevs luck changed. Although he still didnt play in the eleven, he was usually the first player to jump from the bench. This made him one of three players to score goals in two consecutive Cup Finals of different European competitions, the others being Ronald Koeman and Ronaldo. On 8 April 2006 Sport-Express published Alenichevs interview containing severe criticism of Aleksandrs Starkovs, following that, Alenichev was fined, dismissed from the first team, transfer listed 14 April and on 10 September his contract was finally terminated by mutual agreement. This became the end of Alenichevs football career, Alenichev then joined the United Russia party. On 14 June 2007 he was voted the representative of the Omsk Oblast in the Federation Council of Russia and he represented it until 2010, when he accepted the position of the head coach with the Russian national under-18 team. In 2009, he was part of the Russia squad that won the 2009 Legends Cup, in June 2015 Alenichev became the manager of FC Spartak Moscow, where he had played previously. He resigned as Spartak manager on 5 August 2016, following Spartaks elimination in the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League third qualifying round by AEK Larnaca and his older brother Andrei Alenichev also played football professionally
5. Порту (футбольный клуб) – Futebol Clube do Porto, MHIH, OM, commonly known as FC Porto or simply Porto, is a Portuguese sports club based in Porto. It is best known for the football team playing in the Primeira Liga. They are nicknamed Dragões, for the mythical creature atop the clubs crest, the club supporters are called Portistas. Since 2003, Porto have played their matches at the Estádio do Dragão, which replaced the previous 52-year-old ground. Porto is the second most successful Portuguese team, with a total of 74 official trophies,67 were achieved in domestic competitions and comprise 27 league titles,16 Taça de Portugal,4 Campeonato de Portugal, and a record 20 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira. Porto is the team in Portuguese league history to have won two titles without conceding any defeat, namely in the 2010–11 and 2012–13 seasons. In the former, Porto achieved the largest-ever difference of points between champion and runner-up in a system, on their way to a second quadruple. In addition, they were runners-up in the 1983–84 European Cup Winners Cup, together with Barcelona and Real Madrid, Porto have the most appearances in the UEFA Champions League group stage. At the end of the 2015–16 season, Porto were 16th in the UEFA club coefficient ranking, Porto was the only Portuguese club that was part of G-14 member. Porto played its first matches with other Portuguese clubs, including one against Lisbons Foot-Ball Club Lisbonense on 2 March 1894. This match had the patronage of King Carlos I and Queen Amélie of Orléans, almeidas enthusiasm and involvement with the club waned due to family pressure, and by the turn of the century, Porto had entered a period of inactivity. In 1906, José Monteiro da Costa returned to Porto after finishing his studies in England, on 2 August 1906, Porto was revived and Monteiro da Costa appointed its president. Although football was the force, the club also promoted other sports, including gymnastics, weightlifting and wrestling, athletics. Shortly after, Porto rented its first ground and recruited a French coach named Adolphe Cassaigne, on 15 December 1907, Porto played its first match against a foreign team, hosting Spains Real Fortuna. In the following month, Porto returned the visit and played its first match abroad, four years later, the club won the inaugural staging of the Taça José Monteiro da Costa, securing its first-ever official title. In 1912, Porto joined efforts with Leixões to establish the Porto Football Association, Porto finished the first season as runners-up, behind local rivals Boavista, but in the following season the club won its first championship. The 1921–22 season was marked by the creation of the first nationwide football competition – the Campeonato de Portugal, organised by the national federation, this knockout tournament gathered the winners of the different regional championships to determine the Portuguese champion. After clinching its fourth consecutive title, Porto defeated Sporting CP in the inaugural edition
6. Онопко, Виктор Савельевич – Viktor Savelyevich Onopko is an association football coach and a former defender. He held the record for most international appearances for the Russian national team until 8 September 2015, currently he works as an assistant manager for PFC CSKA Moscow. Viktor has a younger brother Serhiy Onopko, onopkos career as player started in 1988 and finished in 2005, during this time he played for Shakhtar Donetsk, Spartak Moscow, Real Oviedo, Rayo Vallecano, Alania Vladikavkaz and FC Saturn. Although he was eligible to play for Ukraine, Onopko chose to play for Russia and amassed 109 caps and he played in the 1994 and 2002 World Cups, as well as Euro 96. Onopko was in the squad for Euro 2004 but was dropped due to injury. In 2009, he was part of the Russia squad that won the 2009 Legends Cup
7. Черчесов, Станислав Саламович – Stanislav Salamovich Cherchesov is a Russian football manager and former international goalkeeper for USSR and Russia of Ossetian origin. In August 2016 he was appointed as coach of the Russia national football team with a target of reaching the semi-finals of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Cherchesov played for Russia at the 1994 and 2002 World Cups and he made 39 appearances for a national team. Cherchesov also made one appearance for the FIFA team in the charity game against America in 1995, Cherchesov was the manager of FC Kufstein from January to November 2004 and the manager of FC Wacker Tirol from November 2004 to May 2006. In June 2006 – June 2007 he was the director of FC Spartak Moscow. Since 19 June 2007 and up to 14 August 2008 he was the manager of FC Spartak Moscow, manager of Amkar Perm since June 2013 to April 2014. On 8 April 2014 Cherchesov leaves Amkar Perm On 9 April 2014 Cherchesov was named as manager of FC Dynamo Moscow replacing Dan Petrescu and he left Dynamo by mutual consent on 13 July 2015. On 6 October 2015 he became the manager of Polish side Legia Warsaw, Cherchesov made 142 appearances for Spartak Moscow. As of match played 28 March 2017 and his son is also a goalkeeper, he has been on the roster of FC Dynamo Moscow since the 2014–15 season, but is yet to make his debut on the professional level. Profile at RussiaTeam Stanislav Cherchesov – official fan website Official website of Stanislav Cherchesov
8. Ловчев, Евгений Серафимович – Evgeny Serafimovich Lovchev is a Russian sports journalist, a former footballer, soccer and futsal manager. Top 33 players year-end list,7 times, soviet Footballer of the Year,1972. He was capped 52 times for USSR, playing the 1970 FIFA World Cup, in 1970 he became the first player to be booked on a World Cup match, in the opening game of the tournament against Mexico. His son Evgeniy Lovchev played football professionally, including Kazakhstan national football team
9. ЦСКА (футбольный клуб, Москва) – PFC Central Sport Club of the Army, Moscow is a Russian professional football club. It is based in Moscow, playing its matches at the 30. The club is the most known division of the CSKA Moscow sports club, founded in 1911, CSKA had its most successful period after World War II with five titles in six seasons. It won a total of 7 Soviet Top League championships, including the season in 1991. The club has also won 6 Russian Premier League titles, CSKA was the official team of the Soviet Army during the communist era. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union it has become privately owned, Russian businessman Roman Abramovichs Sibneft corporation was a leading sponsor of the club from 2004 to 2006. Officially, CSKA is a club and thus no longer a section of the Russian militarys CSKA sports club. The Russian Ministry of Defense is a PFC CSKA shareholder, however, the Moscow Army men won their 10th national title back in 2006 and they are one of the most successful clubs in Russian football, having an extensive legacy in Soviet football as well. In 2004, the received a major financial infusion from a sponsorship deal with Sibneft. The partnership with Sibneft lasted until 2006, when VTB became the sponsor of the club, CSKA started 2009 without a shirt sponsor. On 4 November 1992, CSKA qualified for the stage of the UEFA Champions League which contained only 8 teams after defeating Spanish champion FC Barcelona 4–3 on aggregate. On 16 March 2010, CSKA qualified for the quarterfinals of the UEFA Champions League after defeating Sevilla FC 3–2 on aggregate and they were later eliminated from competition by Internazionale, losing by 1–0 scorelines in both Milan and Moscow. On 7 December 2011, CSKA qualified for the phase of the UEFA Champions League after winning crucial 3 points by defeating Internazionale with scoreline 1–2 in Milan. On 6 December 2016, CSKA announced that manager Leonid Slutsky would leave the club after seven years at the club, following their last game of 2016,6 days later,12 December, Viktor Goncharenko was announced as the clubs new manager, signing a two-year contract. As of match played 6 December 2016 CSKA Moscow won their first, sergei Ignashevich lifted the 2005 UEFA Cup after CSKA ran out 3-1 winners over Sporting CP in Sportings own Estádio José Alvalade stadium. Goals from Aleksei Berezutski, Yuri Zhirkov and Vágner Love saw CSKA become the first Russian club to win a major European title, CSKA was nicknamed Horses because the first stadium was built on the old racecourse/hippodromo in Moscow. Its capacity is small for a club of its stature. This is one of the reasons the club uses other venues in the city
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