Федерация футбола Мексики. Федерация футбола мексики
Федерация футбола Мексики - WikiVisually
1. ФИФА – The Fédération Internationale de Football Association is the international governing body of association football, futsal, and beach soccer. FIFA is responsible for the organisation of major international tournaments, notably the World Cup which commenced in 1930. FIFA was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden. Headquartered in Zürich, its membership now comprises 211 national associations, although FIFA does not control the rules of football, it is responsible for both the organization of a number of tournaments and their promotion, which generate revenue from sponsorship. In 2013, FIFA had revenues of over 1.3 billion U. S. dollars, for a net profit of 72 million and those among these officials who were also indicted in the U. S. are expected to be extradited to face charges there as well. Many officials were suspended by FIFAs ethics committee including Sepp Blatter, in early 2017 reports became public about FIFA president Gianni Infantino attempting to prevent the re-elections of both chairmen of the ethics committee during the FIFA congress in May 2017. The need for a body to oversee association football became apparent at the beginning of the 20th century with the increasing popularity of international fixtures. The French name and acronym are used even outside French-speaking countries, the founding members were the national associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Also, that day, the German Association declared its intention of affiliating through a telegram. The first president of FIFA was Robert Guérin, Guérin was replaced in 1906 by Daniel Burley Woolfall from England, by then a member of the association. Membership of FIFA expanded beyond Europe with the application of South Africa in 1909, Argentina in 1912, Canada and Chile in 1913, and the United States in 1914. During World War I, with players sent off to war and the possibility of travel for international fixtures severely limited. Post-war, following the death of Woolfall, the organisation was run by Dutchman Carl Hirschmann and it was saved from extinction, but at the cost of the withdrawal of the Home Nations, who cited an unwillingness to participate in international competitions with their recent World War enemies. The Home Nations later resumed their membership, the FIFA collection is held by the National Football Museum at Urbis in Manchester, England. The first World Cup in the world was in 1930 in Montevideo, FIFA is headquartered in Zürich, and is an association established under the Law of Switzerland. FIFAs supreme body is the FIFA Congress, a made up of representatives from each affiliated member association. Each national football association has one vote, regardless of its size or footballing strength, the Congress assembles in ordinary session once every year, and extraordinary sessions have been held once a year since 1998. The congress makes decisions relating to FIFAs governing statutes and their method of implementation and application, only the Congress can pass changes to FIFAs statutes
2. КОНКАКАФ – Three South American entities—the independent nations of Guyana and Suriname and the French department of French Guiana—are also members. CONCACAFs primary functions are to organize competitions for teams and clubs. Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, CONCACAF is the third-most successful FIFA confederation. Mexico dominated CONCACAF mens competition early on and has won the most Gold Cups since the beginning of the tournament in its current format. The Mexican national team is the only CONCACAF team to win an official FIFA tournament by winning the 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup and they have also reached the Round of 16 for the past 6 World Cups. Between them, Mexico and the U. S. have won all, in recent years Costa Rica has become a power in the region and in 2014 became the 4th CONCACAF country after the United States, Cuba, and Mexico to make the World Cup quarterfinals. CONCACAF is led by a General Secretary, Executive Committee, Congress, the Executive Committee is composed of eight members — one president, three vice-presidents, three members, and one female member. Each of the three zones in CONCACAF is represented by one vice-president and one member. The Executive Committee carries out the various statutes, regulations, in 1969, he was succeeded in the role by Mexican Joaquín Soria Terrazas, who served as president for 21 years. His successor Jack Warner was the CONCACAF president from 1990 to 2011, Warner was suspended as president on 30 May 2011 due to his temporary suspension from football related activity by FIFA following corruption allegations. Chuck Blazer was the General Secretary during the same period, the vice-president of CONCACAF, Alfredo Hawit, acted as president until May 2012. In May 2012, Cayman Islands banker Jeffrey Webb was installed as President of CONCACAF, on 27 May 2015, Webb was arrested in Zurich, Switzerland on corruption charges in the U. S. Victor Montagliani, leader of the Canadian Soccer Association, was elected as president of CONCACAF in May 2016, CONCACAF is a non-profit company registered in Nassau, Bahamas. The headquarters of the CONCACAF are currently located in the Admiral Financial Center, George Town, previously, they were based in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago under the presidency of Jack Warner. The administration office of CONCACAF is located in Miami—the home town of Enrique Sanz, Enrique Sanz was appointed as the CONCACAF General Secretary in July 2012. It was previously located in Trump Tower, New York when Chuck Blazer was the General Secretary, there is also an office in Guatemala City, which is shared with UNCAF and an office in New York. CONCACAF has 41 member associations,27 from the Caribbean 7 from Central America 4 from North America 3 from South America M = Mens National Team. Bonaire were promoted from a member to a full member at the XXIX Ordinary CONCACAF Congress in São Paulo on 10 June 2014
3. Футбол – Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies making it the worlds most popular sport, the game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end. The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal, players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers. Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, the team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. If the score is level at the end of the game, the Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football, the first written reference to the inflated ball used in the game was in the mid-14th century, Þe heued fro þe body went, Als it were a foteballe. The Online Etymology Dictionary states that the word soccer was split off in 1863, according to Partha Mazumdar, the term soccer originated in England, first appearing in the 1880s as an Oxford -er abbreviation of the word association. Within the English-speaking world, association football is now usually called football in the United Kingdom and mainly soccer in Canada and the United States. People in Australia, Ireland, South Africa and New Zealand use either or both terms, although national associations in Australia and New Zealand now primarily use football for the formal name. According to FIFA, the Chinese competitive game cuju is the earliest form of football for which there is scientific evidence, cuju players could use any part of the body apart from hands and the intent was kicking a ball through an opening into a net. It was remarkably similar to football, though similarities to rugby occurred. During the Han Dynasty, cuju games were standardised and rules were established, phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup, athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence and they all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified mob football, the antecedent of all football codes. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia, Association football in itself does not have a classical history. Notwithstanding any similarities to other games played around the world FIFA have recognised that no historical connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe. The modern rules of football are based on the mid-19th century efforts to standardise the widely varying forms of football played in the public schools of England
4. Мексика – Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a federal republic in the southern half of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States, to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean, to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea, and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometers, Mexico is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area, Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a federal district that is also its capital and most populous city. Other metropolises include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana, pre-Columbian Mexico was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans. In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Three centuries later, this territory became Mexico following recognition in 1821 after the colonys Mexican War of Independence. The tumultuous post-independence period was characterized by instability and many political changes. The Mexican–American War led to the cession of the extensive northern borderlands, one-third of its territory. The Pastry War, the Franco-Mexican War, a civil war, the dictatorship was overthrown in the Mexican Revolution of 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the countrys current political system. Mexico has the fifteenth largest nominal GDP and the eleventh largest by purchasing power parity, the Mexican economy is strongly linked to those of its North American Free Trade Agreement partners, especially the United States. Mexico was the first Latin American member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and it is classified as an upper-middle income country by the World Bank and a newly industrialized country by several analysts. By 2050, Mexico could become the fifth or seventh largest economy. The country is considered both a power and middle power, and is often identified as an emerging global power. Due to its culture and history, Mexico ranks first in the Americas. Mexico is a country, ranking fourth in the world by biodiversity. In 2015 it was the 9th most visited country in the world, Mexico is a member of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the G8+5, the G20, the Uniting for Consensus and the Pacific Alliance. Mēxihco is the Nahuatl term for the heartland of the Aztec Empire, namely, the Valley of Mexico, and its people, the Mexica and this became the future State of Mexico as a division of New Spain prior to independence. It is generally considered to be a toponym for the valley became the primary ethnonym for the Aztec Triple Alliance as a result. After New Spain won independence from Spain, representatives decided to name the new country after its capital and this was founded in 1524 on top of the ancient Mexica capital of Mexico-Tenochtitlan
5. Сборная Мексики по футболу – The Mexico national football team represents Mexico in international football. Mexicos home stadium is the Estadio Azteca in Mexico City, Mexico has qualified to fifteen World Cups and has qualified consecutively since 1994, making it one of six countries to do so. The Mexico national team, along with Brazil and Germany, are the nations to make it out of the group stage over the last six World Cups. Mexico played France in the very first match of the first World Cup on 13 July 1930, Mexicos best progression in World Cups has been reaching the quarter-finals in both the 1970 and 1986 World Cups, both of which were staged on Mexican soil. Mexico is the team from CONCACAF to have won an official FIFA competition. Football in Mexico was first organized in the early 20th century by European immigrant groups, notably miners from Cornwall, England, Mexicos first match was played against Guatemala, which Mexico won 3–2. A series of friendlies were played against the national representation of Guatemala on 9,12 and 16 December 1923. The match on 9 December was played in Parque España which Mexico won 2–1, on 12 December, the match ended in a 2–0 win for Mexico, and the final game of the series ended in a 3–3 draw. The manager for this team was Rafael Garza Gutiérrez and it would be another four years before the national team would be represented in international friendlies. On 19 June 1927, Mexico faced Spain, drawing 3–3, during this series, the squad also played against the Uruguayan club Nacional de Montevideo, losing 1–3. In 1927, the governing body of football in Mexico was founded. The 1928 Summer Olympics was Mexicos first international tournament, where Mexico lost to Spain 1–7 in the round of 16, Mexico participated in the 1930 FIFA World Cup in Uruguay, grouped with Argentina, Chile, and France. Mexicos first match was a 4–1 loss to France, with Mexicos first World Cup goal by Juan Carreño, in their second match, Mexico fell to Chile 3–0. Mexicos third match, against Argentina, featured the first penalty of the tournament, Mexico did not appear again in a FIFA World Cup tournament until the 1950 World Cup. Before 1970, Mexico struggled to make much of an impact in the World Cup and it was by far the strongest team in the North American Football Confederation and its successor, CONACAF, but found it difficult to compete against European and South American teams. However, goalkeeper Antonio Carbajal has the distinction of being the first player ever to appear in five consecutive World Cups, in 1965, Mexico won the 1965 CONCACAF Championship to become continental champions for the first time. In 1970, Mexico hosted the World Cup and kicked off their campaign with a draw against the Soviet Union. This was followed by a 4–0 win over El Salvador, Mexico advanced to the next round with a victory against Belgium
6. Чемпионат Мексики по футболу – The Liga MX is the top level of the Mexican football league system. Currently sponsored by BBVA through its Mexican subsidiary BBVA Bancomer, it is known as Liga BBVA Bancomer. Each season, the league holds two tournaments, the Apertura, which starts in the summer, and the Clausura, which starts in the winter. As of 2017, the league comprises 18 clubs, with one being relegated every year based upon its league performances over the three years. The first 8 teams in the table at the end of the phase of the tournament qualify to the liguilla. Up until July 2011, the league was divided into 3 groups, the group formatting was removed in favor of a single-table format. The league is considered the strongest in North America, and among the strongest in all of Latin America. Of the 56 teams to have competed in the league, América have won the title a record 12 times, followed by Guadalajara, Toluca, Cruz Azul, León and Pumas UNAM, the current league champions are Tigres UANL, who won the Apertura 2016 tournament. Prior to the Liga Mayor, there was no national league in Mexico. The winners of the Primera Fuerza, a league consisting of teams near. There were other regional leagues such as the Liga Amateur de Veracruz, the Liga Occidental De Jalisco, many club owners were not keen on the idea of establishing a professional league, despite paying players under the table. With the increasing demand for football, there was a sense of urgency to unite all the amateur leagues in Mexico to progress as a football nation. The professional national league was established in 1943. When the Federación Mexicana de Fútbol Asociación announced the formation of the nations first professional league, the F. M. F. announced that 10 clubs would form the Liga Mayor. The league was founded by six clubs from the Primera Fuerza of Mexico City, Primera Fuerza, América, Asturias, Atlante, Necaxa, and Marte. Liga Occidental De Jalisco, Atlas and Guadalajara, Liga Amateur de Veracruz, ADO, Veracruz and Moctezuma. The 1970 World Cup held in Mexico was the first World Cup televised on a grand scale, the season following the FIFA World Cup, the F. M. F. Changed the league format and established a playoff phase to determine the national champion and this was done to regenerate interest and reward teams that placed fairly high in the standings
7. Мехико – Mexico City, or City of Mexico, is the capital and most populous city of Mexico. As an alpha global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas and it is located in the Valley of Mexico, a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres. The city consists of sixteen municipalities, the 2009 estimated population for the city proper was approximately 8.84 million people, with a land area of 1,485 square kilometres. The Greater Mexico City has a domestic product of US$411 billion in 2011. The city was responsible for generating 15. 8% of Mexicos Gross Domestic Product, as a stand-alone country, in 2013, Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America—five times as large as Costa Ricas and about the same size as Perus. Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians, the other being Quito. In 1524, the municipality of Mexico City was established, known as México Tenochtitlán, Mexico City served as the political, administrative and financial center of a major part of the Spanish colonial empire. After independence from Spain was achieved, the district was created in 1824. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution has controlled both of them, in recent years, the local government has passed a wave of liberal policies, such as abortion on request, a limited form of euthanasia, no-fault divorce, and same-sex marriage. On January 29,2016, it ceased to be called the Federal District and is now in transition to become the countrys 32nd federal entity, giving it a level of autonomy comparable to that of a state. Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution, however, as the seat of the powers of the federation, it can never become a state, the city of Mexico-Tenochtitlan was founded by the Mexica people in 1325. According to legend, the Mexicas principal god, Huitzilopochtli indicated the site where they were to build their home by presenting an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak. Between 1325 and 1521, Tenochtitlan grew in size and strength, eventually dominating the other city-states around Lake Texcoco, when the Spaniards arrived, the Aztec Empire had reached much of Mesoamerica, touching both the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. After landing in Veracruz, Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés advanced upon Tenochtitlan with the aid of many of the native peoples. Cortés put Moctezuma under house arrest, hoping to rule through him, the Aztecs thought the Spaniards were permanently gone, and they elected a new king, Cuitláhuac, but he soon died, the next king was Cuauhtémoc. Cortés began a siege of Tenochtitlan in May 1521, for three months, the city suffered from the lack of food and water as well as the spread of smallpox brought by the Europeans. Cortés and his allies landed their forces in the south of the island, the Spaniards practically razed Tenochtitlan during the final siege of the conquest. Cortés first settled in Coyoacán, but decided to rebuild the Aztec site to erase all traces of the old order and he did not establish a territory under his own personal rule, but remained loyal to the Spanish crown
8. Северная Америка – North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere. It can also be considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean, and to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea. North America covers an area of about 24,709,000 square kilometers, about 16. 5% of the land area. North America is the third largest continent by area, following Asia and Africa, and the fourth by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. In 2013, its population was estimated at nearly 565 million people in 23 independent states, or about 7. 5% of the worlds population, North America was reached by its first human populations during the last glacial period, via crossing the Bering land bridge. The so-called Paleo-Indian period is taken to have lasted until about 10,000 years ago, the Classic stage spans roughly the 6th to 13th centuries. The Pre-Columbian era ended with the migrations and the arrival of European settlers during the Age of Discovery. Present-day cultural and ethnic patterns reflect different kind of interactions between European colonists, indigenous peoples, African slaves and their descendants, European influences are strongest in the northern parts of the continent while indigenous and African influences are relatively stronger in the south. Because of the history of colonialism, most North Americans speak English, Spanish or French, the Americas are usually accepted as having been named after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci by the German cartographers Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann. Vespucci, who explored South America between 1497 and 1502, was the first European to suggest that the Americas were not the East Indies, but a different landmass previously unknown by Europeans. In 1507, Waldseemüller produced a map, in which he placed the word America on the continent of South America. He explained the rationale for the name in the accompanying book Cosmographiae Introductio, for Waldseemüller, no one should object to the naming of the land after its discoverer. He used the Latinized version of Vespuccis name, but in its feminine form America, following the examples of Europa, Asia and Africa. Later, other mapmakers extended the name America to the continent, In 1538. Some argue that the convention is to use the surname for naming discoveries except in the case of royalty, a minutely explored belief that has been advanced is that America was named for a Spanish sailor bearing the ancient Visigothic name of Amairick. Another is that the name is rooted in a Native American language, the term North America maintains various definitions in accordance with location and context. In Canadian English, North America may be used to refer to the United States, alternatively, usage sometimes includes Greenland and Mexico, as well as offshore islands
9. Центральная Америка – Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. Central America is bordered by Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the east, Central America consists of seven countries, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. The combined population of Central America is between 41,739,000 and 42,688,190, Central America is a part of the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot, which extends from northern Guatemala through to central Panama. Due to the presence of several active faults and the Central America Volcanic Arc. Volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur frequently, these disasters have resulted in the loss of many lives. In the Pre-Columbian era, Central America was inhabited by the peoples of Mesoamerica to the north and west. Soon after Christopher Columbuss voyages to the Americas, the Spanish began to colonize the Americas, the seven states finally became independent autonomous states, beginning with Nicaragua, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Guatemala, followed by El Salvador, then Panama, and finally Belize. Middle America is usually thought to comprise Mexico to the north of the 7 states of Central America as well as Colombia, usually the whole of the Caribbean to the north-east and sometimes the Guyanas are also included. According to one source, the term Central America was used as a synonym for Middle America as recently as 1962, in Brazil, Central America comprises all countries between Mexico and Colombia, including those in the Caribbean. Mexico, in whole or in part, is included by British people. For the people living in the 5 countries formerly part of the Federal Republic of Central America there is a distinction between the Spanish language terms América Central and Centroamérica, in the Pre-Columbian era, the northern areas of Central America were inhabited by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica. Most notable among these were the Mayans, who had built numerous cities throughout the region, and the Aztecs, following Christopher Columbuss voyages to the Americas, the Spanish sent many expeditions to the region, and they began their conquest of Maya territory in 1523. Soon after the conquest of the Aztec Empire, Spanish conquistador Pedro de Alvarado commenced the conquest of northern Central America for the Spanish Empire. Beginning with his arrival in Soconusco in 1523, Alvarados forces systematically conquered and subjugated most of the major Maya kingdoms, including the Kiche, Tzutujil, Pipil, and the Kaqchikel. By 1528, the conquest of Guatemala was nearly complete, with only the Petén Basin remaining outside the Spanish sphere of influence, the last independent Maya kingdoms – the Kowoj and the Itza people – were finally defeated in 1697, as part of the Spanish conquest of Petén. In 1538, Spain established the Real Audiencia of Panama, which had jurisdiction over all land from the Strait of Magellan to the Gulf of Fonseca. This entity was dissolved in 1543, and most of the territory within Central America then fell under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia Real de Guatemala. This area included the current territories of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the Mexican state of Chiapas, the president of the Audiencia, which had its seat in Antigua Guatemala, was the governor of the entire area
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Федерация футбола Мексики — Википедия (с комментариями)
Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии
Федерация футбола Мексики (исп. Federación Mexicana de Fútbol Asociación, A.C.; сокр. FMF или Femexfut) — организация, осуществляющая управление футболом в Мексике. Под её администрацией находятся мужская и женская национальные сборные, четыре уровня профессиональной мексиканской лиги, супер-лига по женскому футболу, студенческая лига, полупрофессиональные и любительские лиги, а также сборные по пляжному и мини-футболу.
Федерация футбола Мексики была основана 23 августа 1927 года. Первым президентом стал Умберто Гарса Рамос. Нынешний президент —- Хустино Компеа́н, на должности с 2006 года. Штаб-квартира федерации находится в городе Мехико.
Федерация является членом КОНКАКАФ и ФИФА и подчиняется уставу и целям руководящего органа мирового футбола.[1]
Чемпионат Мексики состоит из четырёх профессиональных дивизионов: Лига МХ, Ассенсо МХ, Сегунда Дивисьон и Терсера Дивисьон.
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Ссылки
- [www.femexfut.org.mx/ Официальный сайт] (исп.)
- [www.fifa.com/associations/association=mex/index.html Мексика] на сайте ФИФА
Примечания
- ↑ [lib.sportedu.ru/GetText.idc?TxtID=1539 Уставы и цели ФИФА]
Отрывок, характеризующий Федерация футбола Мексики
Наташа, легко и даже весело переносившая первое время разлуки с своим женихом, теперь с каждым днем становилась взволнованнее и нетерпеливее. Мысль о том, что так, даром, ни для кого пропадает ее лучшее время, которое бы она употребила на любовь к нему, неотступно мучила ее. Письма его большей частью сердили ее. Ей оскорбительно было думать, что тогда как она живет только мыслью о нем, он живет настоящею жизнью, видит новые места, новых людей, которые для него интересны. Чем занимательнее были его письма, тем ей было досаднее. Ее же письма к нему не только не доставляли ей утешения, но представлялись скучной и фальшивой обязанностью. Она не умела писать, потому что не могла постигнуть возможности выразить в письме правдиво хоть одну тысячную долю того, что она привыкла выражать голосом, улыбкой и взглядом. Она писала ему классически однообразные, сухие письма, которым сама не приписывала никакого значения и в которых, по брульонам, графиня поправляла ей орфографические ошибки. Здоровье графини все не поправлялось; но откладывать поездку в Москву уже не было возможности. Нужно было делать приданое, нужно было продать дом, и притом князя Андрея ждали сперва в Москву, где в эту зиму жил князь Николай Андреич, и Наташа была уверена, что он уже приехал. Графиня осталась в деревне, а граф, взяв с собой Соню и Наташу, в конце января поехал в Москву.Пьер после сватовства князя Андрея и Наташи, без всякой очевидной причины, вдруг почувствовал невозможность продолжать прежнюю жизнь. Как ни твердо он был убежден в истинах, открытых ему его благодетелем, как ни радостно ему было то первое время увлечения внутренней работой самосовершенствования, которой он предался с таким жаром, после помолвки князя Андрея с Наташей и после смерти Иосифа Алексеевича, о которой он получил известие почти в то же время, – вся прелесть этой прежней жизни вдруг пропала для него. Остался один остов жизни: его дом с блестящею женой, пользовавшеюся теперь милостями одного важного лица, знакомство со всем Петербургом и служба с скучными формальностями. И эта прежняя жизнь вдруг с неожиданной мерзостью представилась Пьеру. Он перестал писать свой дневник, избегал общества братьев, стал опять ездить в клуб, стал опять много пить, опять сблизился с холостыми компаниями и начал вести такую жизнь, что графиня Елена Васильевна сочла нужным сделать ему строгое замечание. Пьер почувствовав, что она была права, и чтобы не компрометировать свою жену, уехал в Москву.
wiki-org.ru
Мексика (Федерация футбола Мексики)
Федерация: Федерация футбола Мексики
Год основания: 1927
Год вступления в ФИФА: 1929
Конфедерация: КОНКАКАФ
Рейтинг ФИФА: 17
Достижения: чемпион КОНКАКАФ 196571971, 1993.1996.1998.2003
Мексика занимает особое место в сердцах футбольных болельщиков всего мира благодаря тому, что в этой стране состоялся турнир на Кубок мира 1970 года, на котором великая бразильская команда той эпохи смогла продемонстрировать все свое искусство.
Команда Мексики регулярно участвует в чемпионатах мира, и выступала на Кубке мира уже 13 раз, достигнув самых высоких результатов на турнирах 1970 и 1986 года, которые проходили на ее полях, и на которых она доходила до четвертьфиналов. В 1986 году будущей победительнице турнира - команде ФРГ - потребовалась серия пенальти, чтобы справиться с командой, возглавляемой великим Уго Санчесом, самым знаменитым мексиканским футболистом недавнего прошлого. Санчес был известен своим экстравагантным празднованием забитых голов, которые часто отмечал акробатическими сальто, и являлся знакомой фигурой в Европе, где много лет играл в составе мадридского «Реала».
Некоторые критики утверждают, что мексиканский футбол не достиг больших успехов на международной арене по причине нехватки представительных соревнований в Центральной Америке. Только в самое последнее время в результате превращения США в значимую футбольную державу Мексика получила серьезного соперника в своем регионе. Многие утверждали, что команда, шесть раз выигрывавшая чемпионаты КОНКАКАФ, извлекла бы пользу из участия в чемпионате Южной Америки (Копа Америка), и в 1993 году она, вместе с командой США, была приглашена на турнир.
Сборная Мексики с первой попытки вышла в финал Копа Америка, где проиграла команде Аргентины 1:2 после гола Габриэля Батистуты в конце матча. С тех пор мексиканцы продолжают участвовать в этих соревнованиях, на которых зарекомендовали себя в качестве одной из сильнейших команд, заняв третьи места в 1997 и 1999 годах и выйдя в финал в 2001 году.
Не попав на Кубок мира 1986 года, сборная Мексики прошла на турнир 1990 года в Италии, но не присутствовала на нем из-за дисквалификации за то, что на турнире среди молодежных команд в ее составе играл футболист более старшего, чем разрешалось, возраста. В 1999 году вокруг команды Мексики разразился новый скандал: после впечатляющего третьего места на
Копа Америка нескольких ее троков обвинили в употреблении запрещенных лекарственных препаратов.
Из 18 клубов высшего дивизиона мексиканской лиги все, кроме одного, подконтрольны крупным компаниям. Тот единственный клуб - это старомодный и не очень успешный «Атлас» из Гвадалахары. Деньги остаются доминирующим фактором в мексиканском футболе до такой степени, что постоянно раздаются обвинения в коррупции, которая является результатом корыстных интересов различных компаний. С момента основания лиги, она подвергалась значительным изменениям, из которых самым последним является разделение сезона на зимний и летний чемпионаты, что очень распространено и в странах Южной Америки.
Гламурным мексиканским клубом является «Америка» из Мехико. Этот клуб купила телекомпания «Телевиса», которая активно продвигает его, приобретая заграничных звезд и широко показывая но телевидению, благодаря чему у него быстро появились поклонники во всей стране. В восьмидесятые годы «Америка» стала самой сильной командой в Мексике, после чего «Телевиса» добавила в свою конюшню клубы «Атланте» и «Нскакса». Все три клуба играют на знаменитом во всем мире стадионе Ацтека, который сам принадлежит компании с таким названием. После этого конкуренты ТВ Ацтека пошли ее путем и купили клубы «Веракрус» и «Мориста».
Футболист сборной Мексики Павел Пардо с «Золотым кубком» в руках после победы над командой Бразилии на стадионе «Ацтека»в 2003 году.
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